DAYS 4–6 · MODULE 2

🟨 Grammar & Vocabulary

Parts of speech · tenses · clauses · prefix & suffix · reported speech · punctuation · linking words · synonyms & antonyms

Jump to: 📘 Notes ✏ Fill-in-the-blank 🎯 Grammar Quiz 📚 Vocabulary 📄 Worksheets

📘 Key Grammar Notes

Parts of Speech

Part	Job	Examples
Noun	names a person, place, thing, idea	girl, Suva, school, courage
Verb	shows action or state	run, is, think, jumped
Adjective	describes a noun	bright, tall, three
Adverb	describes a verb, adjective or adverb	quickly, very, here
Pronoun	replaces a noun	he, she, it, they
Preposition	shows position/relation	in, on, under, between
Conjunction	joins words/clauses	and, but, because, so
Interjection	shows emotion	Wow! Ouch! Hurray!

Verb Tenses

Present: I walk / he walks — happens now or always.
Past: I walked — already happened.
Future: I will walk / I am going to walk — will happen.
Present perfect: I have walked — started in past, still true now.
Match the tense to the time clue: yesterday=past, now=present, tomorrow=future.

Clauses

Main (independent) clause makes sense alone: "The sun rose."
Subordinate (dependent) clause needs a main clause: "Because it rained, we stayed home."
Joining words (conjunctions): and, but, because, when, although, since, while.

Prefix & Suffix

Prefix goes at the start and changes meaning: un-(not), re-(again), pre-(before), dis-(not/opposite), mis-(wrongly).
Suffix goes at the end and often changes word class: -ful, -less, -ly, -er, -tion, -ness.
happy → unhappy · teach → teacher · care → careless.

Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)

Report what someone said without quotation marks.
Move the tense back: "I am tired" → She said she was tired.
Change pronouns and time words: I→he/she, now→then, today→that day, here→there.
Direct: He said, "I will help." → Reported: He said he would help.

Capital Letters & Punctuation

Capitalise: the first word of a sentence, the word "I", and proper nouns (names of people, places, days, months, languages).
Full stop ends a statement · question mark ends a question · exclamation mark shows strong feeling.
Comma separates items in a list and after a subordinate clause.
Speech marks (" ") surround the exact words spoken.
Apostrophe: contractions (don't) and ownership (Ravi's book).

Linking Words

Add: and, also, moreover, in addition.
Contrast: but, however, although, on the other hand.
Cause: because, since, therefore, so, as a result.
Sequence: first, next, then, finally, meanwhile.

✏ Fill-in-the-blank — type your answer, then click away to check

1. "She to school by bus every day." (present tense, she)

2. "Yesterday, we to the market."

3. "He is about losing his pen." (prefix meaning 'not')

4. "The asked the class a question." (suffix for a person)

5. She said, "I am coming." → She said she coming.

🎯 Grammar Quiz

Module progress0

Which word is a NOUN in this sentence? "The brave climber reached the icy summit."

Choose the correct tense: "We ________ our homework when the power went out."

Which group is a main (independent) clause?

Add a prefix to "honest" to mean "not honest":

Report this: "I will call you tomorrow," said Anna.

Which sentence is punctuated correctly?

A synonym for "quick" is…

The best linking word: "He studied hard, ________ he passed the test."

📚 Core Vocabulary List (Revise these each day)

Word	Meaning	Word	Meaning
abandon	to leave behind	gloomy	dark / sad
courageous	brave	hastily	quickly / in a rush
desperate	very eager / hopeless	immense	very large
dreadful	terrible	obstinate	stubborn
fragile	easily broken	vivid	bright / lifelike

📄 Printable Worksheets

WS 2.1

Parts of Speech Sort

Underline and label all 8 parts of speech in 5 sentences.

WS 2.2

Tense Mastery

Rewrite 8 sentences in past, present and future tense.

WS 2.3

Clause Match

Join main and subordinate clauses correctly with conjunctions.

WS 2.4

Prefix & Suffix Builder

Build 10 new words and use each in a sentence.

WS 2.5

Reported Speech

Convert 8 direct sentences into reported speech.

WS 2.6

Punctuation Repair

Fix capital letters, full stops, commas and speech marks in a paragraph.

WS 2.7

Linking Words

Complete 8 sentences choosing the best linking word.

WS 2.8

Synonyms & Antonyms

Match 10 pairs of synonyms and 10 pairs of antonyms.

MINI TEST

Grammar Mini-Test

20 questions, timed 15 minutes, self-marking scheme included.

✅ Mastery Check — Grammar

I can identify the 8 parts of speech.

I can use past, present and future tenses.

I can tell a main clause from a subordinate clause.

I can change direct speech into reported speech.

I use capital letters, full stops and commas correctly.

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